Nitrifying bacteria
These bacteria makes nitrogen available to plants. They are present in soil. The Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus oxidizes ammonia to nitrate. The Nitrobactera and Bactoderma converts nitrite to nitrate.
Reaction nitrosomonas
2NH3 +3O2 → 2HNO2 + 2H2O + 158 Kcalorie
nitrobacter
HNO2 + O2 → HNO3 + 43kcalorie
Hydrogen bacteria
These bacteria oxidizes hydrogen to water in presence of oxygen .Example Hydrogenomonas
Reaction
2H2 +O2 → 2H2O + 56 kcalorie
Sulphur bacteria
This bacteria is found in hot spring containing hydrogen sulphide .They first oxidizes hydrogen to sulphur. This sulphur is conerted to sulphuric acid. The acid undergo reaction with soil to form sulphate. Example Beggiatoa and Thiobacillus thioxidans.
Reaction
2H2S +O2 → 2S + H2O +energy
2S + 2 H2 → 2H2SO4 + energy
Iron bacteria
This bacteria changes ferrous compound into ferric compound. The energy evolved from the oxidation is used for converting carbondioxide to food. Example or iron bacteria are Leptothrix, Cladothrix, Spiruphyllum and Ferrobacillus.
Reaction
2FeHCO3 + H2O +O → 2Fe(OH)3 + CO2 +29 K calorie
2FeCO3 + 6H2O → Fe(OH)3 + 4CO2 + 81 k calorie
Methane bacteria
This bacteria oxidizes methane to CO2 . Thus methane provide both cargon and energy.
CH4 +O2 → CO2 + H2O + energy
Example : Methanosomonas
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